This dataset contains all the images used to develop an automated software able to calculate Sphagnum moss capitula density in the field as described in the linked paper. The images were acquired with a smartphone in the field and include images from 5 different Sphagnum species and 3 different sites as outlined in the read me file. The images are provided in a jpg format. Image information as well as the raw data obtained by image analysis using the developed software are also included as an excel file with 4 separate sheet.